一种低功耗无线传感器网络节点设计

Design of a low-power wireless sensor network node

摘要:

无线传感网络节点功耗直接决定了无线网络的生存周期,为了降低节点能耗,在对多种微处理器芯片和射频芯片性能分析比较的基础上,选择了MSP430F2618处理器芯片和射频芯片CC2520射频芯片,采用微处理器与无线模块独立架构,设计了一种性能灵活无线网络节点。提出了微处理器、射频芯片在工作模式与多种低功耗模式之间切换,以及微处理器时钟的控制等节能策略,在此基础上设计了网络路由节点和端节点软件系统。实验证明：在发射功率为0dBm,数据传输速率为1MHz时,设计的节点运行电流和休眠电流(26.1mA,1.57μA)与传统的Imote节点(35.1mA,3.6μA)、Mica2节点(56.2mA,21μA)相比,明显低于传统节点。当节点电池容量为2*700mAh,工作周期为10分钟时,其生存周期为7.2个月。设计的节点的寿命达到预期目标。

Abstract:

In order to reduce the power consumption of the Wireless sensor network, which directly determines the lifetime of the wireless network, based on the analysis and comparison of the performance of various microprocessor chips and radio frequency chips, mSP430F2618 and CC2520 are selected to design a flexible wireless network node based on the independent architecture of microprocessor and wireless module. The energy-saving strategies of microprocessor, RF chip switching between work mode and low power mode, and microprocessor clock control are proposed. Based on these, the software system of network routing node and end node is designed. The experimental results show that the operating and resting currents (26.0 ma, 1.57 a) of the designed nodes are significantly lower than those of the traditional Imote nodes (35.1 ma, 3.6 a) and Mica2 nodes (56.2 ma, 21 a) when the transmitting power is 0 DBM and the Data transfer rate is 1 MHZ. When the battery capacity of the node is 2700mah and the working cycle is 10 minutes, its life cycle is 7.2 months. The life of the designed node achieves the expected goal.