考虑柔性保障优先级约束的改进粒子群算法任务规划

Task Planning with Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Considering Security Priority Constraints

摘要:

针对高寒山地物资保障中全局保障路径优化与任务优先级差异显著的需求，现有任务规划算法因缺乏柔性优先级适配机制，导致高优先级任务无法有效优先保障或因硬性约束造成路径过度冗余。设计了柔性保障优先级约束机制，并采用改进粒子群算法（PSO）实现优先级与路径效率的动态平衡。构建了融合柔性保障优先级约束与航程约束的载运无人机任务规划模型，通过柔性约束设计，避免传统硬性优先级导致的路径冗余问题。采用线性递减权重与动态异步加速常数优化改进PSO算法参数，使其适配优先级约束下的任务规划需求，提升算法对高优先级节点的搜索敏感度。经多次仿真验证，验证本文所提改进PSO算法的有效性，同时与无优先级约束的改进PSO和只考虑优先级约束的PSO对比，验证所提优先级约束设计能在保证高优先级任务优先完成的前提下，平衡总航程和保障优先级。该机制实现了优先级与路径效率的动态平衡，满足高寒山地物资保障的实际应用需求。

Abstract:

Addressing the requirements of global supply route optimization and significant task priority differences in alpine mountainous material support, existing task planning algorithms lack a flexible priority adaptation mechanism, resulting in either ineffective priority guarantee for high-priority tasks or excessive route redundancy due to hard constraints. A flexible guaranteed priority constraint mechanism is designed, and an improved PSO is adopted to achieve dynamic balance between priority and route efficiency. A mission planning model for carrier drones is constructed, integrating flexible guaranteed priority constraints and range constraints. Through flexible constraint design, the route redundancy problem caused by traditional hard priority is avoided. The parameters of the improved PSO algorithm are optimized using linearly decreasing inertia weight and dynamic asynchronous acceleration coefficients to adapt to the mission planning requirements under priority constraints, enhancing the algorithm's search sensitivity to high-priority nodes. Multiple simulation validations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed improved PSO algorithm. Compared with the improved PSO without priority constraints and the PSO considering only priority constraints, the proposed priority constraint design balances total route length and support priority while ensuring priority completion of high-priority tasks. This mechanism achieves dynamic balance between priority and route efficiency, meeting the practical application needs of material support in alpine mountainous areas.