基于LoRa的地铁列车停放制动无线缓解系统设计

A Wireless Release System for Metro Train Parking Brake Based on LoRa

摘要:

针对目前地铁列车停放制动在缓解不良时需采用手动方式缓解，存在缓解效率低、在隧道中难以实施导致影响地铁列车运行等问题，基于LoRa无线通信技术设计了一停放制动无线缓解系统；系统由司机室内的手持终端和各转向架上安装的控制节点组成，通过手持终端与各个转向架主节点之间的无线信息传输，能实现停放制动在缓解不良时的电动缓解操作，并可在手持终端上显示停放制动缸的气体压力和缓解状态等信息；重点分析设计了基于LoRa的状态数据上报和缓解指令下发的通信方式，通过限制LoRa的通信距离，采用定时轮询、多跳传输以及邻居节点协同监测机制，确保了数据信息传输的可靠性；在实验室搭建了停放制动缓解试验系统，通过功能测试验证了系统能够在停放制动缓解不良时有效实现缓解功能；与原有手动缓解方式相比，本系统具有自动化缓解、实时状态反馈等优势，不仅提高了停放制动的缓解效率，而且保障了操作人员的人身安全。

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems existing in the current manual release method for metro train parking brakes when they fail to release properly, such as low release efficiency and difficulty in implementation in tunnels which affects metro train operation, a wireless release system for parking brakes is designed based on LoRa wireless communication technology. The system consists of a handheld terminal in the driver's cab and control nodes installed on each bogie. Through wireless information transmission between the handheld terminal and the main node of each bogie, it can realize the electric release operation when the parking brake fails to release properly, and display information such as the air pressure of the parking brake cylinder and the release status on the handheld terminal. This paper focuses on analyzing and designing the LoRa-based communication methods for status data reporting and release command issuance. By limiting the LoRa communication distance and adopting mechanisms such as timed polling, multi-hop transmission, and neighbor node collaborative monitoring, the reliability of data information transmission is ensured. A parking brake release test system was built in the laboratory, and functional tests verified that the system can effectively realize the release function when the parking brake fails to release properly. Compared with the original manual release method, this system offers advantages such as automated release and real-time status feedback. This not only improves the release efficiency of the parking brake but also ensures the personal safety of operators.