面向轻量化的航空混合动力系统能量管理方法研究

Lightweight-Oriented Energy Management Method for Aircraft Hybrid Power Systems

摘要:

面向轻量化与高可靠需求，开展航空混合动力系统的能量管理研究。构建“放电直通 + 充电隔离”电源拓扑，围绕荷电状态设计多工况功率分配与模式切换策略，实现发电机与蓄电池的动态协同供能；在滑跑、并联供能与受控回充三类典型工况下，给出发电端与电池端的多种控制实现路径，包括功率-电流双闭环、电流单环、恒流充电与恒压充电等。建立整机模型与约束条件，完成滑跑、起飞、爬升与巡航等工况的统一仿真评估。结果表明，所提方法在保持安全边界与荷电状态稳定的同时，有效抑制母线电压波动，降低功率器件应力，并具有良好的轻量化潜力。

Abstract:

A study on energy management for hybrid-electric aircraft is presented to meet lightweight and high-reliability requirements. A “direct discharge + isolated charge” power topology is developed, and a state-of-charge–centric strategy is devised for multi-mode power allocation and mode switching, enabling dynamic coordination between the generator and the battery. For three representative operating modes-taxiing, parallel power supply, and controlled charging—several controller realizations are provided for the generator and battery interfaces, including power–current dual-loop, current-only control, constant-current charging, and constant-voltage charging. A full system model with constraints is built, and unified simulations are conducted for taxi, take-off, climb, and cruise scenarios. Results indicate that the proposed approach maintains safety margins and SoC stability, effectively suppresses DC-bus voltage fluctuations, reduces power-device stress, and offers lightweight potential.