基于DRFM的无人机通讯链路干扰方法研究

Research on DRFM-Based Jamming Methods for UAV Communication Links

摘要:

为应对小型化四旋翼无人机在非合作环境下存在的战术威胁，提升无人机反制能力，本文围绕无人机跳频通信系统干扰技术展开研究；基于DRFM技术设计了无人机干扰平台，搭建了无人机跳频信号侦测干扰系统；根据无人机信号频域特征，提出了基于动态阈值的跳频信号参数估计方法，实现信号帧关键信息提取，相对固定阈值方法,在-15 dB信噪比下漏检率降低32%，误判率降低49.2%。提出一种瞄准式干扰信号生成方法，通过将采集信号切片、重构生成多载波窄带干扰信号，解决了传统干扰方法所需先验信息较多的问题；干扰系统仿真与实验环境下均具有较好的干扰效果；实验结果表明，瞄准式干扰信号能够在信干比0 dB以下有效干扰小型四旋翼无人机的遥控链路，显著提升无人机的反制效果。

Abstract:

Tactical threats posed by small quadrotor UAVs in non-cooperative environments are addressed to enhance counter-UAV capability by studying jamming techniques for FH control communications. A DRFM–based jamming platform is developed, and an FH signal sensing-and-jamming system is implemented. Exploiting the frequency-domain characteristics of UAV emissions, a dynamic-threshold parameter-estimation method is proposed to extract key frame-level information; compared with a fixed-threshold scheme, it reduces the miss-detection rate by 32% and the false-alarm rate by 49.2% at an SNR of -15 dB. Furthermore, an aiming jamming waveform is introduced: the captured signal is sliced and reconstructed to synthesize a multi-carrier narrowband interferer, thereby mitigating the heavy prior-information requirements of conventional approaches. Simulations and experiments show robust jamming performance; specifically, the targeted jammer effectively disrupts small-quadrotor remote-control links at SIR below 0 dB, significantly improving counter-UAV effectiveness.