基于Zynq7020的多外设中断管理优化研究

Research on Optimization of Multi-Peripheral Interrupt Management Based on Zynq7020

摘要:

针对Zynq7020平台在多外设场景下中断资源受限与响应僵化的问题，提出分级中断调度机制，通过硬件物理隔离与软件动态仲裁协同优化中断管理；硬件层面采用GIC和AXI-INTC与CONCAT核级联架构，将28路外设按实时性需求分为关键路径4路RS485直连GIC与普通路径22路RS422及CAN经AXI-INTC聚合，利用路径时间延迟差异实现静态优先级分配；软件层面基于UCOSIII操作系统动态配置中断优先级并支持中断服务程序热替换；实验结果显示，关键外设平均中断响应时间为12.32微秒，普通外设为15.94微秒，28路外设连续24小时周期性触发无丢包，CPU温度波动为6.438摄氏度；经实际应用，满足了工业控制等领域对多外设中断管理的应用。

Abstract:

A hierarchical interrupt scheduling mechanism called Hybrid-IntSched is proposed to address the issues of limited interrupt resources and rigid response in multi-peripheral scenarios on the Zynq7020 platform. This approach synergistically optimizes interrupt management through hardware-based physical isolation and software-driven dynamic arbitration. At the hardware level，a cascaded architecture incorporating GIC，AXI-INTC，and CONCAT cores is employed，classifying 28 peripherals into two groups based on real-time requirements：four critical-path RS485 interfaces are directly connected to the GIC，while the remaining 22 general-path RS422 and CAN interfaces are aggregated via AXI-INTC. Static priority allocation is achieved by leveraging path delay differences. At the software level，the UCOSIII operating system enables dynamic configuration of interrupt priorities and supports hot-swapping of interrupt service routines. Experimental results demonstrate an average interrupt response time of 13.32 μs for critical peripherals and 15.94 μs for general peripherals. All 28 peripherals operated without packet loss during 24-hour continuous cyclic triggering，with CPU temperature fluctuations remaining 6.438°C. Practical deployment has met the interrupt management needs of multi-peripheral applications in industrial control and related fields.