基于动态能效优化的自持型无线倾角仪设计与实现

Self-Powered Wireless Inclinometer with Dynamic Energy Efficiency Optimization

摘要:

针对野外结构体健康监测中无线倾角仪续航不足与精度受限传输困难的难题，提出一种融合分级电源管理与业务逻辑优化的低功耗解决方案。通过采用电容式高精度MEMS传感器、微安级休眠架构及动态功耗控制技术，在确保测量误差不超过±0.015°的前提下，将系统休眠电流降至2μA以下。硬件层面引入分级电源管理芯片与物理隔离开关，实现模块级精细功耗关断；软件层面构建“唤醒-采集-传输-休眠”节能闭环，结合太阳能补充与多协议自适应传输。在60分钟/次的监测频次下，搭载9000mAh电池的设备理论续航达684天，结合太阳能持续补电，理论免维护周期进一步延长。

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of insufficient battery life, limited accuracy and difficult transmission of wireless inclinometers in field structural health monitoring, a low-power solution integrating hierarchical power management and business logic optimization is proposed. By adopting capacitive high-precision MEMS sensors, microampere-level sleep architecture and dynamic power consumption control technology, the system sleep current is reduced to below 2μA while ensuring that the measurement error does not exceed ±0.015°. At the hardware level, hierarchical power management chips and physical disconnectors are introduced to achieve fine power consumption turn-off at the module level. At the software level, an energy-saving closed loop of "wake-up - collection - transmission - sleep" is constructed, combined with solar energy supplementation and multi-protocol adaptive transmission. At a monitoring frequency of 60 minutes per session, the device equipped with a 9000mAh battery has a theoretical battery life of 684 days. Combined with continuous solar charging, the theoretical maintenance-free period is further extended.