考虑回差精度的小模数齿轮高温下侧隙控制方法研究

Research on backlash control method of small module gear under high temperature considering return difference accuracy

摘要:

为解决齿轮在高温下会发生热膨胀从而导致侧隙变化，产生齿轮卡滞，传动滞后从而影响编码器读数精度的问题，常采用设置齿轮齿厚偏差的方法来控制侧隙，目的是通过设置齿厚偏差来补偿高低温下的齿侧间隙；但齿厚偏差的增大会影响回差精度；针对这一问题，提出了一种考虑回差精度的齿轮侧隙控制方法，该方法能够在满足齿轮热变形、安装误差、齿轮加工误差同时保证齿轮传动的回差精度；通过理论计算，以及采用有限元仿真分析方法对编码器齿轮的热变形量进行了计算，验证了考虑回差精度的侧隙控制方法在能够有效补偿高低温变化带来齿侧间隙变化的同时保证回差精度，为精密仪器中的小模数齿轮传动系统提供了有效的侧隙控制解决方案。

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem that the thermal expansion of the gear will cause the change of the side clearance at high temperature, resulting in gear hysteresis and transmission hysteresis, which will affect the reading accuracy of the encoder, the method of setting the gear tooth thickness deviation is often used to control the side clearance. The purpose is to compensate the side clearance at high and low temperatures by setting the tooth thickness deviation. But the increase of tooth thickness deviation will affect the precision of return error. To solve this problem, a gear backlash control method considering the precision of return difference is proposed, which can satisfy the thermal deformation, installation error and gear machining error while ensuring the precision of gear transmission. Through theoretical calculation and finite element simulation analysis, the thermal deformation of encoder gear is calculated, and it is verified that the backlash control method considering the precision of return difference can effectively compensate the change of tooth side clearance caused by the change of high and low temperature, and ensure the precision of return difference, which provides an effective backlash control solution for the small module gear transmission system in precision instruments.