基于宽窄波束变换的定向邻居发现算法研究

Research on Directional Neighbor Discovery Algorithm Based on Wide-Narrow Beamforming Transformation

摘要:

无线自组网是一种无需预设基础设施的无线通信网络,它由一组带有无线收发装置的移动终端所组成,形成一个无中心、多跳、自组织的网络；自组网MAC协议的邻居发现问题是网络性能的关键,针对空中无线自组网窄波束、高动态的场景需求,提出了一种新颖的网络同步的媒体访问控制(MAC)层协议算法(FDBC-ND),该算法能在保证空中组网通信需求的基础上,根据窄波束、高动态的毫米波通信特点,保证天线的对准速度与时间的同步精度；通过仿真实验对邻居发现算法进行验证；仿真结果表明,FDBC-ND算法在天线的波束宽度为12°、网络节点数为20时,网络的平均邻居发现时间约为11.85s；可以良好的应用于空中定向窄波束、高动态的场景。

Abstract:

Wireless ad hoc network is a wireless communication network that does not require preset infrastructure. It consists of a group of mobile terminals equipped with wireless transceiver devices, forming a decentralized, multi-hop, and self-organizing network. The neighbor discovery issue in the Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol of ad hoc networks is crucial to network performance. Aiming at the needs of narrow-beam and high-dynamic scenarios in airborne wireless ad hoc networks, a novel network-synchronized MAC layer protocol algorithm (FDBC-ND) is proposed. This algorithm ensures the alignment speed of antennas and the synchronization accuracy of time based on the characteristics of narrow-beam and high-dynamic millimeter-wave communication while satisfying the communication requirements of airborne networking. The neighbor discovery algorithm is verified through simulation experiments. Simulation results show that when the beam width of the antenna is 12° and the number of network nodes is 20, the average neighbor discovery time of the FDBC-ND algorithm is approximately 11.85s. It can be well applied to the scenario of airborne directional narrow-beam and high dynamics.