一种宽频带双圆极化微带天线阵列设计

Design of a broadband dual circular polarization microstrip antenna array

摘要:

为支撑海量数据传输与宽带无线通信系统需求,提出了一款宽频带双圆极化微带天线。采用微带天线作为基本辐射单元,基于层叠寄生贴片方式与加载空气腔方法展宽天线工作带宽并提高增益值,利用电容加载的三分支线定向耦合器对天线单元进行馈电进一步展宽天线带宽,并实现双圆极化辐射特性。单元电性能仿真结果良好,阻抗与轴比相对带宽达27.9%,峰值增益达到5.6dBi。基于辐射单元进行4×4阵列组合,所设计阵列天线阻抗带宽覆盖7.2 ~ 9.4 GHz,同一单元不同极化与不同单元间端口间隔离度均 ≥ 15 dB,轴比在通带内均 ≤ 3 dB,方向图仿真与测试结果吻合良好,验证了设计方案的正确性。

Abstract:

A wideband dual circularly polarized microstrip antenna has been proposed to support massive data transmission and broadband wireless communication system requirements. Using microstrip antenna as the basic radiation unit, the gain value is increased based on the stacked parasitic patch method and the loaded air cavity method. The antenna unit is fed with a capacitor loaded three-way branch directional coupler to further widen the antenna bandwidth and achieve dual circularly polarized radiation characteristics. The simulation results of unit electrical performance are good, with an impedance to axis ratio relative bandwidth of 27.9% and a peak gain of 5.6 dBi. Based on the radiation unit, a 4 × 4 array combination is designed, with an impedance bandwidth covering 7.2~9.4 GHz. The isolation degree between different polarizations and ports of the same unit is ≥ 15 dB, and the axial ratio is ≤ 3 dB within the passband. The simulation and testing results of the directional pattern are in good agreement, verifying the correctness of the design scheme.