基于无线传感器网络的卫星遥感观测非均匀地表重点区域监测系统设计

Design of a monitoring system for key areas of non-uniform surface in satellite remote sensing observation based on wireless sensor networks

摘要:

卫星遥感观测非均匀地表重点区域监测数据通常具有复杂性和不确定性,且易受天气、设备故障等多种因素的影响,难以精准确定重点监测区域和获取有用信息,导致监测范围受限,监测结果存在较大误差。因此,为了给非均匀地表的治理提供数据支持,利用无线传感器网络优化设计卫星遥感观测非均匀地表重点区域监测系统。加设卫星遥感观测图像传感器,调整无线传感器网络模块,改装监测数据处理器,利用调整的系统电路连接硬件元件,完成硬件系统的优化,避免因设备故障或天气等因素导致的数据丢失或误差。通过数据库表的构建与逻辑连接,得出监测系统数据库的构建结果。在硬件和数据库的支持下,从拓扑结构和传输协议等方面,构建无线传感器网络。实现高空遥感与无线传感器网络的深度融合,利用无线传感器网络采集地表卫星遥感观测图像,获取更为全面、精确的地表信息,扩宽了监测范围,有效克服卫星遥感数据的复杂性和不确定性,提高信息获取的准确性。通过滤波、几何纠正等步骤,实现初始图像的预处理,提高图像的质量,并提取图像特征,根据特征图像的匹配结果,确定非均匀地表重点区域。最终根据获取去的信息数据,依据地表倾斜角度、地表非均匀程度等指标完成卫星遥感观测非均匀地表重点区域监测。通过系统测试实验得出结论:与传统监测系统相比,优化设计系统输出地表倾斜角度和地表变形量的监测误差分别减小0.28°和0.73m3,同时系统监测范围明显扩大。

Abstract:

The monitoring data of key areas of non-uniform surface observed by satellite remote sensing are usually complicated and uncertain, and are easily affected by various factors such as weather and equipment failure, which makes it difficult to accurately determine key monitoring areas and obtain useful information, resulting in limited monitoring scope and large errors in monitoring results. Therefore, in order to provide data support for the treatment of non-uniform surface, the wireless sensor network is used to optimize the design of satellite remote sensing observation of non-uniform surface monitoring system. Add satellite remote sensing observation image sensors, adjust the wireless sensor network module, modify the monitoring data processor, use the adjusted system circuit to connect the hardware components, complete the optimization of the hardware system, and avoid data loss or error caused by equipment failure or weather and other factors. Through the construction and logical connection of database table, the results of database construction of monitoring system are obtained. With the support of hardware and database, the wireless sensor network is constructed from the aspects of topology and transmission protocol. To realize the deep integration of high altitude remote sensing and wireless sensor network, the wireless sensor network is used to collect surface satellite remote sensing observation images, obtain more comprehensive and accurate surface information, expand the monitoring range, effectively overcome the complexity and uncertainty of satellite remote sensing data, and improve the accuracy of information acquisition. Through filtering, geometric correction and other steps, the initial image is preprocessed to improve the quality of the image, and the image features are extracted. According to the matching results of the feature images, the key areas of the non-uniform surface are determined. Finally, according to the obtained information and data, the key areas of non-uniform land surface are monitored by satellite remote sensing according to the indexes such as surface tilt Angle and surface non-uniformity degree. The results show that compared with the traditional monitoring system, the monitoring errors of the output surface inclination Angle and surface deformation are reduced by 0.28° and 0.73m3 respectively, and the monitoring range of the system is obviously expanded.