高压断路器潜伏性故障自动预警系统设计

Design of Automatic Warning System for Latent Faults of High Voltage Circuit Breakers

摘要:

高压断路器的潜伏性故障具有潜伏期,在早期阶段不容易被直接观察和检测,但不及时被发现和处理,会逐步损坏断路器的内部结构,导致其性能下降或完全失效。因此,设计高压断路器潜伏性故障自动预警系统。通过RS485数据采集器实时收集高压断路器的运行数据,并利用基于WS设备的自动预警电源电路,确保在复杂的电力环境中电源的稳定输出,从而保障预警系统的连续稳定运行。在数据处理方面,利用ARM Cortex-M4故障数据寄存器中的故障信号,通过Karenbauer变换进行去耦合处理,再运用变分模态分解方法提取关键的自动预警指标。为了更精确地评估故障信号的不确定性,在模糊熵度量数据维度变化的基础上,计算多尺度模糊熵阈值,并据此划分自动预警的限制区域。在此基础上,结合内触头结构的实时感应功能,实时检测高压断路器的潜伏性故障,并通过LCD显示屏及时展示故障信息,由此完成高压断路器潜伏性故障自动预警系统设计。实验结果可知,设计系统电压与实际故障电压之间的误差小于2V,最大预警响应速度为0.3s,具有精准且实时的自动预警效果。

Abstract:

The latent faults of high-voltage circuit breakers have a latent period, which is difficult to observe and detect directly in the early stages. However, if not detected and dealt with in a timely manner, it will gradually damage the internal structure of the circuit breaker, leading to its performance degradation or complete failure. Therefore, design an automatic warning system for latent faults in high-voltage circuit breakers. Real time operation data of high-voltage circuit breakers is collected through the RS485 data collector, and an automatic warning power supply circuit based on WS equipment is utilized to ensure stable output of the power supply in complex power environments, thereby ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the warning system. In terms of data processing, the fault signals in the ARM Cortex-M4 fault data register are used for decoupling processing through the Karenbauer transform, and then the variational mode decomposition method is used to extract key automatic warning indicators. In order to more accurately evaluate the uncertainty of fault signals, a multi-scale fuzzy entropy threshold is calculated based on the change in data dimension measured by fuzzy entropy, and based on this, the restricted areas for automatic warning are divided. On this basis, combined with the real-time sensing function of the internal contact structure, the hidden faults of the high-voltage circuit breaker are detected in real time, and the fault information is displayed in a timely manner through an LCD display screen, thus completing the design of the automatic warning system for hidden faults of the high-voltage circuit breaker. The experimental results show that the error between the designed system voltage and the actual fault voltage is less than 2V, and the maximum warning response speed is 0.3s, with accurate and real-time automatic warning effect.