基于QPSO的震动传感器片上相位补偿器设计方法

Design Method of On-Chip Phase Compensator for Vibration Sensors Based on QPSO

摘要:

震动传感器的系统相位非一致性会对地震波到时时差提取产生很大的误差，严重影响震源定位精度；针对这一问题，提出了一种基于量子粒子群优化算法（QPSO）的震动传感器片上相位补偿器设计方法。首先对震动传感器进行相位标定，获得传感器与参考传感器的相位差；其次设计基于QPSO算法的相位补偿滤波器对相位差进行修正，使其无限趋近于0；最后，将相位补偿滤波器封装成FPGA软核部署于FPGA上，完成对震动传感器的相位片上实时补偿。为了验证该方法的性能，将相位补偿滤波器部署于自研的多通道震动信号采集系统上，对8个相同型号震动传感器进行相位一致性校准。试验结果表明，在震动传感器频响范围内，该方法可以将2.5°内的传感器相位差实时修正至0.0044°以下，实现了震动传感器阵列的相位一致性实时校准。该成果在地下浅层震源定位领域具有较强的应用价值。

Abstract:

The phase inconsistency of vibration sensor systems can introduce significant errors in the extraction of time differences of seismic waves, which severely affects the accuracy of earthquake source localization. To address this issue, a design method for on-chip phase compensator for vibration sensors based on Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO) algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the vibration sensors are phase calibrated to obtain the phase difference between the sensor and the reference sensor. Then, a phase compensating filter based on QPSO algorithm is designed to correct the phase difference and make it approach zero infinitely. Finally, the phase compensating filter is implemented as an FPGA soft core and deployed on FPGA to achieve real-time on-chip phase compensation for the vibration sensors. To verify the performance of this method, the phase compensating filter is deployed on a self-developed multi-channel vibration signal acquisition system for phase consistency calibration of 8 identical vibration sensors. Experimental results show that within the frequency response range of the vibration sensors, this method can real-time correct the sensor phase difference within 2.5° to below 0.0044°, achieving real-time phase consistency calibration of the vibration sensor array. This achievement has strong application value in the field of shallow earthquake source localization.