温压炸药爆炸瞬态高温测试技术研究

Research on Transient High Temperature Testing Technology for Explosion of Thermostatic Explosives

摘要:

为评估温压炸药的热毁伤性能,针对其爆炸瞬间产生高温高压场温度变化剧烈、持续时间短、测量难度大、且难以测到爆炸瞬间火球温度分布的问题,提出了一种接触式与非接触式测温混合测试方法,搭建了红外热像仪和热电偶测温系统,对洞内外两发温压炸药的爆炸过程进行测试；使用两台红外热像仪分别以高低帧频拍摄,同时在距离爆心一定距离处布置钨铼热电偶,从不同时间不同位置获取了火球不同维度的信息,实现了爆炸温度变化全过程的高帧频、高分辨率完整记录。对温压爆炸过程中温度变化进行了精细化研究；其中,洞内爆炸最高温度可达1800℃以上,火球最大直径约为8.3m,洞外爆炸最高温度可达1700℃以上,火球最大直径约为7.7m,山洞的限制作用使得火球最高温度更高,1800℃以上持续时间为14ms,热毁伤效果更强；洞内外温压弹爆炸最高温度测试结果的最大偏差分别为5.1%和5.8%,平均偏差为5.45%,处于一定合理的范围内,可以满足爆炸场测试需求。

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the thermal damage performance of thermal pressure explosives and address the issues of intense temperature changes, short duration, high measurement difficulty, and difficulty in measuring the temperature distribution of the fireball at the moment of explosion, a mixed testing method of contact and non-contact temperature measurement was proposed. An infrared thermal imager and thermocouple temperature measurement system were built to test the explosion process of two thermal pressure explosives inside and outside the tunnel. Two infrared thermal imagers were used to shoot at high and low frame rates, and tungsten rhenium thermocouples were placed at a certain distance from the explosion center. Information from different dimensions of the fireball was obtained at different times and locations, achieving complete recording of the entire process of explosion temperature changes at high frame rates and high resolution. A refined study was conducted on the temperature changes during the temperature pressure explosion process. Among them, the maximum temperature of the explosion inside the cave can reach above 1800℃, the maximum diameter of the fireball is about 8.3m, the maximum temperature of the explosion outside the cave can reach above 1700℃, and the maximum diameter of the fireball is about 7.7m. The limiting effect of the cave makes the maximum temperature of the fireball higher, with a duration of 14ms above 1800℃, and the thermal damage effect is stronger. The maximum deviation of the highest temperature test results for temperature and pressure bombs inside and outside the tunnel is 5.1% and 5.8%, respectively, with an average deviation of 5.45%, which is within a reasonable range and can meet the requirements of explosion field testing.