基于STK/Matlab的地面站选址与卫星可见性仿真分析

Ground Stations Site Selection and Satellite Visibility Based on STK/Matlab

摘要:

随着我国航天事业迅猛发展，在轨运行卫星数量急剧增加，有限的航天测控资源难以满足日益增长的测控需求。因此，基于网格球顶相控阵天线技术及现有地面测控站数学结构，提出了符合实际工程需求的半椭球面共形相控阵阵列地面测控站模型，通过STK/Matlab联合仿真，以卫星两行数作为目标库进行数据采集，通过地球坐标系与子阵视线坐标系实现数据转换，以此探讨地面站选址与中国现役卫星之间的可见性关系。仿真结果表明，在海拔一致的情况下，纬度和经度均与卫星可见性成正相关关系。同时，实验结果为全国范围内地面站测控站工作积累科学数据，为后续相控阵阵列天线最大化利用提供数据基础与应用支持。

Abstract:

With the rapid development of China's space industry, the number of satellites in orbit has increased dramatically, and the limited spaceflight measurement and control resources are difficult to meet the increasing demand for measurement and control. Therefore, based on the Geodesic Dome Phased Array Antenna (GDPAA) technology and the mathematical structure of the existing ground measurement and control station, a semi-ellipsoidal conformal phased array ground measurement and control station model that meets the actual engineering requirements is proposed. Co-simulation by Satellite Tool Kit (STK) and Matlab, the number of the satellite Two-Line Orbital Element (TLE) is taken as the target library for data acquisition, and the data conversion is realized through the Earth coordinate system and the sub-array line-of-sight coordinate system to discuss the visible relationship between the ground station location and the active satellites in China. The simulation results show that the visibility relationship between the ground station location and the Chinese active satellites is very good at the sea level. The simulation results show that both latitude and longitude are positively correlated with satellite visibility when elevation is the same. Meanwhile, the experimental results accumulate scientific data for the work of ground station measurement and control stations nationwide and provide data basis and application support for the subsequent maximization of phased array antenna utilization.