铁路货车轮轴类部件故障状态多维度评估建模研究

Research?on?Multidimensional?Evaluation?Modeling?of?Fault?States?of?Railway?Freight?Car?Wheel?Axles

摘要:

铁路货车轮轴类部件故障种类较多，工作时处于高速旋转状态，特征频率获取难度较大，且部件正常运行时也会产生一定振动，从而导致故障信号呈现多维状态，对故障判断会产生干扰。为了有效解决这一问题，提出铁路货车轮轴类部件故障状态多维度评估建模方法。根据铁路货车轮轴类部件结构，通过考虑滚子数、接触角、径向间隙等因素，计算各个单元特征频率。基于此，构建多维度综合评价模型，对轮轴类部件故障状态完成多维度等级评估，以此确定出相应的故障等级，实现铁路货车轮轴类部件故障状态多维度评估。实验结果表明，该方法的评估精度高，且评估耗时低于2s。

Abstract:

There are many types of failures of wheel axle components of Goods wagon, which are in high-speed rotating state when working. It is difficult to obtain the characteristic frequency, and the components will also produce certain vibration when operating normally, which will lead to the multi-dimensional state of the fault signal and interfere with the fault judgment. In order to effectively solve this problem, a multi-dimensional evaluation modeling method for fault status of wheel axle components of Goods wagon is proposed. According to the structure of wheel axle parts of Goods wagon, the characteristic frequency of each element is calculated by considering the number of rollers, contact angle, radial clearance and other factors. Based on this, a multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation model is constructed to complete the multi-dimensional grade evaluation of the fault status of wheel axle components, so as to determine the corresponding fault level and realize the multi-dimensional evaluation of the fault status of wheel axle components of Goods wagon. The experimental results show that the evaluation accuracy of this method is high, and the evaluation time is less than 2 seconds.