大视场三维姿态角光学测量系统设计

Design of Optical Measurement System for Tridimensional Attitude Angle of Large Field

摘要:

三维姿态角光学测量通过对物体表面的光学图像处理,实现对物体的角度姿态测量。为提高目标三维姿态角光学检测的准确性,提出基于立体视觉的大视场三维姿态角光学测量系统设计方法。利用双基准平行准直光源与姿态敏感器,通过图像传感器、USB接口芯片等部件实现分割光斑、质心定位等功能。在Linux内核基础上设计信号收集、数据移植、串口通信、姿态角分析4个软件模块,同时引入立体视觉算法探究靶标点和图像像点对应关联,运用视差定理确立空间角度的三维坐标,实现大视场三维姿态角测量。实验结果证明:所建系统姿态角标定误差小、时间同步性强,测量累计时间低于15s,具有较高的测量精度和鲁棒性,为机械设备精密部件尺寸测量提供了一种有效的技术手段。

Abstract:

Tridimensional attitude angle optical measurement is achieved by processing the optical image of the object"s surface to measure its angular posture. To improve the accuracy of tridimensional attitude angle optical detection, a design method for an optical measurement system based on stereoscopic vision for large field is proposed. The system uses a dual baseline parallel collimating light source and an attitude sensor, and functions such as spot segmentation and centroid positioning are achieved through components such as the image sensor and USB interface chip. On the basis of the Linux kernel, four software modules including signal collection, data porting, serial communication, and attitude angle analysis are designed, while stereoscopic vision algorithms are introduced to explore the correspondence between target points and image pixels, establish the tridimensional coordinates of spatial angles using the disparity theorem, and realize large-field tridimensional attitude angle measurement. Experimental results demonstrate that the system has small attitude angle calibration errors, strong time synchronization, and a measurement cumulative time of less than 15s, with high measurement accuracy and robustness, providing an effective technical means for measuring the precision parts of mechanical equipment.