云环境下基于PLC模拟量优化的机床自动控制系统设计

Design of Machine Tool Automatic Control System Based on PLC Simulation Optimization in Cloud Environment

摘要:

以解决机床控制过程中存在的抖振现象和控制误差过高问题为目的,在云环境下,利用PLC模拟量优化技术,从硬件和软件两个方面优化设计机床自动控制系统。加设可编程逻辑控制器,改装传感器、电机与驱动器,调整系统电路的连接方式,完成机床自动控制硬件系统的优化。根据机床生产任务,规划执行刀具的移动轨迹,设定机床加工强度与速度参数。在云环境下自动采集机床模拟量与位姿,根据当前机床运行参数与设定参数之间的偏差,利用PLC模拟量优化技术生成机床控制指令,实现机床的自动控制功能。通过系统测试得出结论：综合两种实验场景,与传统控制系统相比,优化设计系统在机床执行刀具位置、运行速度和执行应力三个方面的控制误差分别降低约13.8mm、0.26mm/s和3.4N,同时机床的抖振现象得到明显缓解。

Abstract:

With the aim of solving the problems of chattering and high control errors in the control process of machine tools, using PLC simulation optimization technology in a cloud environment, the automatic control system of machine tools is optimized and designed from both hardware and software aspects. Add Programmable logic controller, refit sensor, motor and driver, adjust the connection mode of system circuit, and complete the optimization of machine tool automatic control hardware system. According to the production task of the machine tool, plan and execute the movement trajectory of the cutting tool, and set the processing strength and speed parameters of the machine tool. Automatically collect machine tool simulation data and pose in a cloud environment. Based on the deviation between the current machine tool operating parameters and the set parameters, use PLC simulation optimization technology to generate machine tool control commands and achieve automatic control function of the machine tool. Through system testing, it is concluded that, compared with traditional control systems, the optimized design system reduces control errors in the three aspects of tool position, running speed, and execution stress of the machine tool by approximately 13.8mm, 0.26mm/s, and 3.4N, respectively. At the same time, the chattering phenomenon of the machine tool is significantly alleviated.