基于倾斜测量技术的区域无人机航空应急测绘系统设计

Design of regional UAV aviation emergency mapping system based on tilt photogrammetry technology

摘要:

对灾区实际数据进行精准的获取、处理与传输是应急测绘中迫切需要解决的问题。为提高提高区域无人机航空应急测绘精度,利用倾斜摄影测量技术,从硬件和软件两个方面,设计区域无人机航空应急测绘系统。设计传感器、驱动器和航空控制器,保证无人机能够按照指定航线飞行,加设倾斜摄影元件,为倾斜摄影测量技术提供硬件支持,调整无人机航空发动机保证飞行动力,根据应急情况对硬件设备进行特殊处理。在测绘区域内,规划无人机的航行轨迹,利用倾斜摄影测量技术,获取区域影像数据。通过匀光匀色、畸变校正两个步骤,实现初始影像的预处理。计算区域主体的几何数据,通过制图与标注,得出系统的应急测绘结果。系统测试结果表明,设计系统的测绘范围更大,主体面积和位置的测绘误差分别降低约0.7km2和1.2km2,能够有效提高区域无人机航空应急测绘精度。

Abstract:

Accurately obtaining, processing, and transmitting actual data in disaster areas is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed in emergency surveying and mapping. In order to improve the accuracy of regional drone aviation emergency surveying and mapping, a regional drone aviation emergency surveying and mapping system is designed using tilt photogrammetry technology from both hardware and software aspects. Design sensors, drivers, and aviation controllers to ensure that drones can fly according to designated routes, install tilt camera components to provide hardware support for tilt photogrammetry technology, adjust drone aviation engines to ensure flight power, and perform special handling of hardware equipment according to emergency situations. In the surveying area, plan the navigation trajectory of the drone and use oblique photogrammetry technology to obtain regional image data. Pre processing of the initial image is achieved through two steps: uniform light and color, and distortion correction. Calculate the geometric data of the main body of the area, and obtain the emergency mapping results of the system through mapping and annotation. The system testing results indicate that the designed system has a larger surveying range, with surveying errors of approximately 0.7 km2 and 1.2 km2 for the main area and position, respectively, which can effectively improve the accuracy of regional unmanned aerial vehicle aviation emergency surveying.