基于激光测距与RFID的隧道局部定位方法研究

Research on Local Localization Method in Tunnel Based on Laser Ranging and RFID

摘要:

针对铁路隧道接触网作业平台在隧道内局部高精度要求的横纵向定位进行了研究，提出一种基于激光测距与射频识别（RFID，Radio Frequency Identification）的定位方法；首先利用激光测距传感器实现横向定位，通过实时检测传感器数据有效性与动态组合数据实现定位与抗干扰，其次基于RFID相位提出两阶段纵向定位方法，通过第一阶段基于标签相位变化率的粗定位将定位结果限制在单个标签区间，第二阶段精定位通过基于合理约束条件的标签布置间距消除相位缠绕的影响，最终通过相位差双曲线定位实现纵向定位；实验结果表明：提出方法实现了实验环境下0.005m的平均横向定位误差与0.07m的平均纵向定位误差，并且具有一定的抗干扰能力，能够在低硬件成本与布置条件下满足隧道作业平台的局部高精度定位。

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of local lateral and longitudinal localization of overhead contact system operating platform in tunnel with high precision, a localization method based on laser ranging and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is proposed. Firstly, the laser ranging sensor is used to realize lateral localization, and the sensor data validity and dynamic combination data are detected in real time to realize localization and anti-interference. Secondly, the two-stage longitudinal localization method is proposed based on the RFID phase. The localization results are limited to a single tag interval through the coarse localization based on the tag phase change rate in the first stage. In the second stage, the effect of phase winding is eliminated by the spacing of label layout based on reasonable constraint conditions, and finally the longitudinal localization is realized by the phase difference hyperbolic localization method. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves the average lateral localization error of 0.005m and the average longitudinal localization error of 0.07m in the experimental environment, and has certain anti-interference ability, thus it can satisfy the local high-precision localization of the tunnel operating platform under the condition of low hardware and layout cost.