大型龙门导轨磨床工作台运动精度控制方法研究

Research on the control method of motion accuracy of the worktable of large gantry guideway grinder

摘要:

大型龙门导轨磨床工作台整机运动场、主轴漂移量、补偿误差均会对控制精度产生影响，因此研究新的大型龙门导轨磨床工作台运动精度控制方法。根据大型龙门导轨磨床基本结构连接形态，求解主要技术参数，实现龙门导轨磨床工作台设计。从静态、动态两个角度出发，分析立柱部件、横梁部件受力情况，确定多目标拓扑与模态有限元条件，以此分析磨床工作台的运动特性。以运动特性分析结果和整机运动场为基础，计算主轴漂移量的取值范围，结合相关运动参数计算补偿误差数值，结合对补偿误差数值计算结果对工作台运动精度进行控制。实验结果表明，所提方法可以将工作台运动路径拟合误差控制在0-0.07mm范围之内，满足龙门导轨磨床工作台运动精准控制的要求，实际应用效果好。

Abstract:

The motion field, spindle drift and compensation error of the worktable of large gantry guideway grinder will affect the control accuracy. Therefore, a new control method for the motion accuracy of the worktable of large gantry guideway grinder is studied. According to the basic structure connection form of large gantry guideway grinder, the main technical parameters are solved to realize the design of gantry guideway grinder workbench. From the static and dynamic point of view, the forces on the column components and beam components are analyzed, and the multi-objective topology and modal finite element conditions are determined to analyze the motion characteristics of the grinder table. Based on the analysis results of motion characteristics and the motion field of the whole machine, calculate the value range of the spindle drift, calculate the compensation error value in combination with the relevant motion parameters, and control the motion accuracy of the workbench in combination with the numerical calculation results of the compensation error. The experimental results show that the proposed method can control the motion path fitting error of the worktable within the range of 0-0.07 mm, which meets the requirements of precise control of the motion of the worktable of the gantry guideway grinder. The practical application effect is good.