数字式多要素集成气象测量模块开发

Development of Digital Multifactor Integrated Meteorological Measurement Module

摘要:

为了适应气象观测仪器设备微型化和数字化的需要，利用BME280作为气象要素核心传感元件，以及国产单片机STC15W408AS和外围电路，通过硬件的电源、PCB和软件数据质控的优化设计，成功开发具有抗干扰和质控性能的数字式、微型化、多要素集成气象测量模块，在笔状大小结构的体积上实现温度、湿度和气压三个要素的精准测量，形成微型数字化的智能气象传感器。在为期4个月的外场试验过程中，将被测模块与标准器进行现场观测数据对比分析。评估的结果表明，温度的标准差为0.029，湿度标准差为0.047，气压标准差为0.000479，测量模块的主要性能指标达到了设计要求，长期工作稳定可靠。模块同时具有RS232和USB双串口输出，很容易连接自动气象站，也非常方便在物联网大面积气象监测应用场景中作为众多节点组网使用。

Abstract:

In order to meet the needs of miniaturization and digitalization of meteorological observation instruments and equipment, BME280 is used as the core sensing element of meteorological elements, as well as the domestic single-chip microcomputer STC15W408AS and peripheral circuits. Through the optimization design of hardware power supply, PCB and software data quality control, a digital, miniaturized, multi-element integrated meteorological measurement module with anti-interference and quality control performance has been successfully developed. The precise measurement of temperature, humidity and air pressure is realized on the volume of pen-like structure, and a miniature digital intelligent meteorological sensor is formed. During the field test for 4 months, the measured module and the standard were compared and analyzed. The evaluation results show that the standard deviation of temperature is 0.029, the standard deviation of humidity is 0.047, and the standard deviation of air pressure is 0.000479. The main performance indicators of the measurement module meet the design requirements, and the long-term work is stable and reliable. The module has dual serial port output of RS232 and USB, which is easy to connect to automatic weather stations. It is also very convenient to use as a multi-node network in large-scale meteorological monitoring application scenarios of the Internet of Things.