心电R波检测及控制左心辅助装置

Detection for ECG R-wave and Control Left Ventricular Assist Device

摘要:

心衰是一种威胁人类生命的主要疾病之一，左心室辅助装置作为心脏移植前的过渡支持治疗使用，对心衰终末期患者的生活质量和生存率有明显提升；在对心电图实现自动的检测中，QRS波群的检测是最关键的环节，它影响着后续数据分析和处理的正确性及准确性；设计利用数据库数据和人体心电采集数据作为原始待处理源，通过高阶低通滤波与香农能量的创新算法结合进行处理数据，在硬件上增加使用高阶自适应中值滤波算法，使得处理后的实时数据噪声降到最低，有利于准确提取到R波，最后使用测试后的心电R波驱动左心室辅助装置，达到对心衰患者进行辅助治疗的作用，并且通过MATLAB和Modelsim软件仿真成功后，在FPGA硬件上实现了实时心电信号控制血泵系统的方案；经试验测试此方法可以准确的提取R波，并且可以控制左心辅助装置同步进行泵血。

Abstract:

Heart failure is one of the major diseases threatening human life. As a transitional support treatment before heart transplantation, left ventricular assist device has significantly improved the quality of life and survival rate of patients with end-stage heart failure. In the automatic detection of ECG, the detection of QRS complex is the most critical link, which affects the correctness and accuracy of subsequent data analysis and processing. This design uses the database data and human ECG acquisition data as the original source to be processed, the data is processed through the combination of high-order low-pass filtering and Shannon energy's innovative algorithm, and adds the use of high-order adaptive median filter algorithm on hardware to minimize the noise of the processed real-time data and facilitate the accurate extraction of R wave. Finally, the tested ECG R wave is used to drive the left ventricular assist device, after successful simulation by MATLAB and Modelsim software, the scheme of real-time ECG signal controlling blood pump system is realized on FPGA hardware. This method has been tested for accurate R-wave extraction and the ability to control the left ventricular assist device for simultaneous pumping.