WSN中基于改进樽海鞘群算法的分簇路由协议

Energy Efficient Clustering Routing Protocol Based on An Improved Salp Swarm Algorithm

摘要:

针对无线传感器网络能耗不均衡、网络生存期短的问题,提出了一种基于改进樽海鞘群算法的分簇路由协议。所提协议分别从分簇阶段和稳定传输阶段进行优化。分簇阶段,首先对樽海鞘群算法进行改进,克服了基本樽海鞘群算法局部勘探和全局开发能力不平衡的问题；其次考虑节点剩余能量和地理位置设计高效的适应度函数,以选出最优簇首,平衡簇间负载。稳定传输阶段,设计了基于最小生成树的簇间路由算法,为簇首构建最优传输路径,在缓解簇首负载的同时提高网络能量利用率。簇内通信阶段,引入轮询控制机制帮助节点构建传输调度,提高时隙利用率。仿真结果表明,与FIGWO和GAFCMCR算法相比,所提协议能够有效平衡网络负载,提高网络能量利用率,延长网络生存期。

Abstract:

For the problems of uneven energy consumption and short network lifetime of wireless sensor networks, a clustering routing protocol based on an improved salp swarm algorithm is proposed. The proposed protocol is optimized from the clustering phase and the stable transmission phase, respectively. In the clustering phase, firstly, the salp swarm algorithm is improved to overcome the problem of unbalanced local exploration and global exploitation capacities of the basic salp swarm algorithm; secondly, an efficient fitness function is designed considering the residual energy and geographical location of nodes to select the optimal cluster head and balance the inter-cluster load. In the stable transmission phase, a minimum spanning tree based inter-cluster routing algorithm is designed to construct the optimal transmission path for the cluster head, which improves the network energy utilization while relieving the load on the cluster head. In the intra-cluster communication phase, a polling control mechanism is introduced to help nodes construct transmission scheduling and improve time slot utilization. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol can effectively balance the network load, improve the network energy utilization and extend the network survival period compared with FIGWO and GAFCMCR algorithms.