基于单片机与LabVIEW的自动泊车系统设计与实现

Design and Implementation of Automatic Parking System Based on Single Chip Microcomputer and LabVIEW

摘要:

为解决狭小空间内的停车问题，采用与实际车辆运动规律类似的汽车模型作为研究对象，设计了一种基于STC89C52单片机与LabVIEW的自动泊车系统；依据车身大小以及车辆运动规律计算满足泊车条件的最小区域；通过RCWL-1601超声波传感器以及霍尔编码器测量车辆与侧方障碍物的距离以及车辆行驶距离，从而搜索满足泊车条件的车位；利用舵机控制车辆前轮转向并通过直流减速电机提供后轮驱动，通过预先设定的程序指令控制车辆完成自动泊车入位；车辆行驶数据经无线WIFI模块发送至上位机，并利用LabVIEW软件实现车位轮廓、倒车轨迹以及车速实时显示；实验结果表明，该系统可搜索到符合条件的停车区域，并完成车辆的自动泊车入位，具有较强的稳定性和可靠性。

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of parking in a narrow space, a car model similar to the actual vehicle movement law is taken as the research object, and an automatic parking system based on STC89C52 single chip microcomputer and LabVIEW is designed. According to the size of the car body and the law of vehicle movement, the minimum area that meets the parking conditions is calculated. Ultrasonic sensors and Hall encoder are used to measure the distance between the vehicle and the side obstacles as well as the driving distance of the vehicle, so as to search the parking space that meets the size of the parking area. The steering gear is used to control the front wheel steering of the vehicle and the rear wheel drive is provided by the DC reduction motor. The automatic parking is completed by the pre-set program instruction. The vehicle driving data is sent to the top computer through the wireless WIFI module, and the LabVIEW software is used to realize the real-time display of parking contour, reversing track and speed. The experimental results show that the system can search the qualified parking area and complete the automatic parking, with strong stability and reliability.