一种高可靠的工业级星载计算机及其引导设计

A high-reliable on-board computer base on industry and design for boot loading system

摘要:

传统星载计算机通常采用价格昂贵的高质量等级CPU和存储器芯片,用于保证系统的可靠性；因制造成本和研制周期等方面的限制,商业卫星计算机更倾向于采用商业现货器件(COTS),但其可靠性和安全性会随之降低；采用工业级SmartFusion2处理器芯片,提出一种低成本的星载计算机最小系统架构,并通过工业级存储器异构备份的方式,显著提高系统可靠性；在星载计算机软件设计中,应用软件会采用三模冗余的方式提高可靠性,但引导软件往往只有单份；为了避免引导软件的单节点故障效应,针对SmartFusio2星载计算机架构,提出一种基于多TMR副本的片外启动方法,此启动方法可进一步提高工业级星载计算机的可靠性和安全性,并成功用于多个型号商业卫星。

Abstract:

In tradition, CPU and memory chips with high quality grade is used for on-board computer, in order to obtain higer reliability of the system. Due to the limitations in the manufacturing cost and production cycle, more and more commercial-off-the-shelf(COTS) components are used in the on-board computers of commercial satellites. Of course, more COTS components could make the system lower reliability and worse security. By making use of the industrial-grade processorSchip named SmartFusion2, a minimum system structure of low-cost on-board computer is proposed, and it can extremely improve system reliability by the use of Heterogeneous redundancy for the industrial-grade memory chips. For the software design of the on-board computer, although the triple module redundancy is applied by the application software to obtain higher reliability and better security, the boot-loading software is single. To avoid the single point of failure in the boot-loading software, a off-chip boot-loading method base on multi-TMR copies for the on-board computer using SmartFusion2 processor, which improves the reliability and security of the on-board computer with industrial-grade. In addition, the boot-loading method has been used in some commercial satellites successfully.