民用飞机结构健康监测系统的设计方法

Architecture design method for Structural Health Monitoring System(SHM) of Civil Aircraft

摘要:

结构健康监测技术是确定飞机结构完整性的革命性创新技术,其在减少飞机运营成本、提高飞行安全等方面具有非常突出的潜力和优势,将使民用飞机结构的维护策略发生变革：从定期计划维修向基于结构实时状态的视情维护转变。首先介绍了民用飞机结构健康监测技术国际研究现状及其国产民机应用SHM的必要性,论述了民机结构健康监测系统需要监测的金属结构和复合材料结构损伤、载荷、部位、损伤类型,以及理想SHM系统的要求。民机结构健康监测的主要参数包括载荷/环境谱、关键部位应变场、关键部位损伤三大类。给出了民用飞机结构健康监测系统设计方法,阐述了SHM主要监测参数及适用的传感器,介绍了民用飞机结构健康监测系统的总体架构设计和功能架构设计。

Abstract:

The application of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) technology will bring revolutionary changes in maintenance strategy of civil aircraft composite structure from scheduled maintenance to Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) which means the maintenance job will be applied based on the real time conditions of aircraft structure. Its application would promote the operational safety and maintenance efficiency of the aircrafts. This paper introduces the international research status of civil aircraft structural health monitoring technology and the necessity of applying SHM to domestic civil aircraft, and discusses the damage load, location and types of metal structure and composite structure to be monitored. This paper briefly discusses the application requirements of SHM system, the main damage monitoring parameters list and applicative sensors for civil aircraft structures made from metal and composite materials. At last the SHM design method and the architecture are given.