基于PHM的自动气象站健康评价与故障预判方法研究

Research on Health Evaluation and Fault Prediction of AWS Based on PHM

摘要:

针对自动气象站建设和应用规模大、运行监控手段单一、维护保障成本较高的现状，首次将PHM技术理念应用于自动气象站的运维管理之中；采用层次分析法通过构造判断矩阵、专家打分、确定权重从而以“健康值”的形式对自动气象站综合健康状态进行评价；通过对状态信息与历史极值、故障信息进行判断，提出了一种对自动气象站供电和通信故障“两级告警”的预判方法；通过开发软件系统实现了健康评价和故障预判方法的应用，能够较为合理地量化自动气象站健康状态、对疑似故障发出及时告警；该方法丰富了自动气象站运行监控方法，减少了故障的排除诊断与修复时间，同时也为PHM技术在气象探测设备中的应用提供了思路。

Abstract:

Along with large-scale construction and application of automatic weather station (AWS), the problems of single operation monitoring methods and high maintenance support cost emerged. Prognostics and health management (PHM) technology is applied to the operation and maintenance management of AWS for the first time. Analytic hierarchy process is used to evaluate the health status of AWS through "health value" by constructing judgment matrix, scoring by experts and determining weight. A "two-level alarm" prediction method for power supply and communication faults of AWS is proposed by judging the status information, historical extreme value and fault information. Through developing software system, the health evaluation and fault prediction method is realized, which can reasonably quantify the health status and give timely alarm to suspected faults. This method enriches the operation monitoring method of AWS, reduces the troubleshooting, diagnosis and repair time, and also provides an idea for the application of PHM technology in meteorological observing equipment.