基于改进SIFT算法的无人机航空应急测绘系统设计

Design of UAV Aviation Emergency Mapping System Based on Improved SIFT Algorithm

摘要:

针对现有无人机航空应急测绘系统，不能适用于地表特征应急测绘，无法满足无人机航空大比例尺测图的实际应用需求，设计基于改进SIFT算法的无人机航空应急测绘系统。根据不同固定翼无人机产品的性能差异，分析传感器、发动机、无人机平台等硬件结构之间的集成连接关系，提出一体化的应急测绘系统设计方案，完成系统硬件设计。基于SIFT算法的应用原理，结合BRISK描述子参量，采用改进SIFT算法，对相关测绘特征点进行匹配处理，再联合已知的SIFT算法改进方向，完善测绘处置的基本流程，实现系统软件集成设计。实验结果表明，该系统的视频数据、光学影像、SAR数据中频率的最大值为7.06Hz，空频时间的最大值为0.03，与CH-4航空应急测绘系统相比，该系统所获数据能够完全满足人机航空大比例尺测图的实际应用需求，且适用于航空摄影的地表特征，并为其提供了有效的应急测绘保障。

Abstract:

In view of the fact that the existing UAV aviation emergency mapping system can not be applied to the surface feature emergency mapping, and can not meet the practical application requirements of UAV aviation large-scale mapping, an UAV aviation emergency mapping system based on Improved SIFT algorithm is designed. According to the performance difference of different fixed wing UAV products, the integrated connection relationship among sensors, engines, UAV platform and other hardware structures is analyzed, the integrated design scheme of emergency mapping system is proposed, and the hardware design of the system is completed. Based on the application principle of SIFT algorithm, combined with brisk descriptors, the Improved SIFT algorithm is used to match the relevant mapping feature points, and then combined with the known improvement direction of SIFT algorithm, the basic process of mapping disposal is improved, and the system software integration design is realized. The experimental results show that the maximum frequency of video data, optical image and SAR data is 7.06hz, and the maximum space frequency time is 0.03. Compared with CH-4 aviation emergency mapping system, the data obtained by the system can fully meet the practical application requirements of large-scale aerial mapping, and is suitable for the surface features of aerial photography, and it provides an effective emergency mapping support.