空气流动阻力下非线性车辆队列最优能耗控制方法

Optimal Energy Consumption Control for Nonlinear Vehicle Platoon Considering Air Flow Resistance

摘要:

为了优化车辆队列在长距离行驶过程中的能源消耗，对空气流动阻力下车辆队列能耗优化间距策略以及相应的队列控制方法进行了研究。首先根据车辆队列在行驶过程中受到的空气流动阻力，建立基于异构风阻系数的车辆动力学模型。其次，设计基于滑模控制的非线性车辆队列控制方法，使其能够在不同风阻系数下稳定地收敛到期望的车辆队列。在此基础上，构建稳态下车辆队列能量消耗评价模型，并通过优化分析，计算能量消耗最优下的车辆队列期望车间距。最后通过数值仿真的手段验证所提控制方法的有效性与可行性。该结果表明：所设计的控制器能够使整个车辆队列达到期望的控制效果；得到的最优车间距能够使得特定条件下车辆队列稳态能量消耗降低。

Abstract:

In order to optimize the energy consumption of vehicle platoon during long-distance driving, the strategy of optimizing the energy consumption of the vehicle platoon with the air flow resistance and the related platoon control method are studied. According to the air flow resistance of the vehicle platoon during the driving process, a vehicle dynamics model based on heterogeneous drag coefficients is established. Then, a nonlinear vehicle platoon control method based on sliding mode control is designed, so that it can stably converge to the desired vehicle platoon under different drag coefficients. On this basis, a steady-state vehicle platoon energy consumption evaluation model is constructed, and the expected distance between vehicles with the optimal energy consumption of the vehicle platoon is calculated by means of optimization analysis. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control method are verified by means of numerical simulation. The results show that the designed controller can make the whole vehicle platoon achieve the desired control effect; the optimal vehicle spacing can reduce the steady-state energy consumption of vehicle queue under specific conditions.