基于物联网及ADRC的航天器在轨姿态监测系统设计

Design of Spacecraft Attitude Monitoring System Based on Internet of Things and ADRC

摘要:

在特殊航天环境中，由于电磁波等干扰条件的存在，容易导致航天器设备偏离预设的轨迹路径，为解决此问题，设计基于物联网及ADRC的航天器的在轨姿态监测系统。分析物联网监测体系中的位姿控制需求，分层次连接主动振动控制器与航天器姿态控制器，借助FBG应变传感器，建立主机结构与航天器元件之间的监测感应连接，实现在轨姿态监测系统的硬件应用结构设计。在此基础上，对应变传感器进行标定处理，通过计算姿态传递系数的方式，确定航天器的横向在轨应变效应，再通过ADRC原理，提取航天器在轨姿态感知参量的最佳行进状态信号，完善航天器的在轨姿态监测控制律，实现基于物联网及航天器的在轨姿态监测系统设计。对比实验结果显示，与光纤传感型监测系统相比，物联网监测系统能够有效屏蔽电磁波干扰，确保航天器在特殊航天环境中不会出现偏离预设轨迹路径的行进行为。

Abstract:

In a special aerospace environment, due to interference conditions such as electromagnetic waves, it is easy to cause spacecraft equipment to deviate from the preset trajectory path. To solve this problem, a spacecraft on-orbit attitude monitoring system based on the Internet of Things and ADRC is designed. Analyze the pose control requirements in the monitoring system of the Internet of Things, connect the active vibration controller and the spacecraft attitude controller in layers, and establish a monitoring and induction connection between the host structure and the spacecraft components with the help of FBG strain sensors to realize on-orbit attitude monitoring The hardware application structure design of the system. On this basis, the strain sensor is calibrated to determine the lateral on-orbit strain effect of the spacecraft by calculating the attitude transfer coefficient, and then the ADRC principle is used to extract the best travel state signal of the spacecraft’s on-orbit attitude sensing parameters. Improve the on-orbit attitude monitoring control law of spacecraft, and realize the design of on-orbit attitude monitoring system based on the Internet of Things and spacecraft. Comparative experiment results show that, compared with fiber-optic sensing monitoring systems, the IoT monitoring system can effectively shield electromagnetic interference and ensure that the spacecraft will not deviate from the preset trajectory in the special aerospace environment.