基于自适应模糊免疫PID阀门定位器的设计

Design of valve positioner based on adaptive fuzzy immune PID

摘要:

传统工业阀门定位器具有控制精度低、功耗大、控制方式单一、阀位易抖动等缺点，且其在使用的过程中须进行现场调试才能进一步适应生产要求。为了提高阀门定位器控制系统的适应能力，对控制算法进行了深入研究，设计了一种基于STM32芯片的低功耗阀门定位器。硬件设计以STM32L152芯片为控制核心，外围电路包括4~20mA转3.3V电源电路、开度/位移信号转换电路、人机交互模块电路；软件设计采用自适应免疫模糊PID算法替代常规PID算法，实现了阀位控制参数的自整定。在MATLAB中构建阀门各机构数学模型的广义传递函数，搭建仿真电路。最终得出控制系统的调整时间只需0.8s，且在整个控制过程中无超调量产生。有效提高了阀门的控制精度，避免了阀位的抖动现象。

Abstract:

Traditional industrial valve positioners have shortcomings such as low control accuracy, high power consumption, single control mode, and easy jittering of valve positions. They must be debugged on site during use to further to adapt into production requirements. In order to improve the adaptability of the valve positioner control system, an in-depth study of the control algorithm was carried out, and a low-power valve positioner based on STM32 chip was designed. The hardware design takes STM32L152 chip as the control core, peripheral circuits include 4-20mA to 3.3V power supply circuit, opening/displacement signal conversion circuit, human-computer interaction module circuit; software design adopts adaptive immune fuzzy PID algorithm to replace conventional PID algorithm, and realizes the self-tuning of valve position control parameters. The generalized transfer function of the mathematical model of the valve mechanism is constructed in MATLAB, and the simulation circuit is built. Finally, it is concluded that the adjustment time of the control system is only 0.8s, and there is no overshoot during the entire control process. Effectively improve the control accuracy of the valve and avoid the jitter phenomenon of the valve position.