一种环境自适应控制的直流电机控制系统设计

Design of a DC Motor Control System Based on Environmental Adaptive Control

摘要:

针对智能家居、智慧农业等应用领域对直流电机的环境自适应控制需求，设计了一种基于单片机小系统（AT89C51）的环境自适应控制的直流电机控制系统。该系统由直流电机控制系统由限位开关、复位按钮模块、无线遥控模块、水滴感应模块、直流电机控制模块、蜂鸣器报警模块、光线检测模块和单片机最小系统模块等组成。可实现2种模式的直流电机控制模式，一是根据光线强度、雨滴等环境因素自适应控制直流电机正/反转，另一种是利用按键功能模块手动控制直流电机的正/反转。经测试发现，当环境的光照强度的感知幅度值在（10lx，600lx）之间变化时，该控制系统能够按照设定值实现直流电机的自动控制或者手动控制；同时，通过水滴感应模块，判断雨滴的有无和大小，实现直流电机的自动控制或者手动控制。因此，该环境自适应控制的直流电机控制系统具有响应特性好、可靠性高、成本合理等优点，可广泛应用于智能家居、智慧农业等领域。

Abstract:

Aiming at the environmental adaptive control requirements of DC motors in application fields such as smart homes and smart agriculture, a DC motor control system based on the environmental adaptive control of the microcontroller system (AT89C51) is designed. The system consists of a DC motor control system consisting of a limit switch, a reset button module, a wireless remote control module, a water drop sensor module, a DC motor control module, a buzzer alarm module, a light detection module and a single-chip microcomputer minimum system module. Two types of DC motor control modes can be realized. One is to adaptively control the forward/reverse of the DC motor according to environmental factors such as light intensity and raindrops, and the other is to manually control the forward/reverse of the DC motor by using the button function module. After testing, When the perceptual amplitude value of the ambient light intensity changes between (10lx, 600lx), the control system can realize the automatic control or manual control of the DC motor according to the set value. At the same time, through the water drop sensor module, the presence and size of raindrops are judged to realize automatic control or manual control of the DC motor. It is found that the environment-adaptive control DC motor control system has the advantages of good response characteristics, high reliability, and reasonable cost, and can be widely used in fields such as smart homes and smart agriculture.