基于FPGA的在线重构设计方法

Design method of online reconstruction based on FPGA

摘要:

为了解决SRAM型FPGA和配置存储器中存在的单粒子反转现象导致的FPGA工作异常和配置失败问题，同时满足FPGA类产品在总装后可以通过和地面通信接口实现远程更新的需求，提出了三种基于Xilinx FPGA的软件重构方法。对于7 系列以下FPGA，采用ASIC在线重构技术，通过JTAG和SPI接口控制配置存储器读写实现在线重构，该方法简单，适用于多板卡应用场景；对于7系列FPGA，采用MultiBoot多镜像技术实现多镜像启动，通过直接更新M镜像的方式实现在线重构功能，该方法不需要外部控制芯片，电路简单，设计方便，适用于单芯片控制场合；针对ZYNQ类芯片，利用其内部的BootROM和FSBL功能，在配置存储器中通过多镜像方式实现在线重构设计，适用于高性能应用场景。三种方法保证了FPGA可靠启动，同时具备在线更新功能，可以保证在更新失败的情况下，依然可以运行旧版本或可以重新对其进行配置，增强了系统的安全性和可靠性。

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of FPGA abnormal work and configuration failure caused by single particle inversion in SRAM FPGA and configuration memory, and to meet the requirement that FPGA products can be updated remotely through the communication interface with the ground after assembly, three software reconstruction methods based on Xilinx FPGA were proposed.For FPGA of 7 series, ASIC online reconstruction technology is adopted, and JTAG and SPI interface control configuration memory read and write to achieve online reconstruction. This method is simple and suitable for multi-board cards application scenarios.For 7 series FPGA, MultiBoot multi-image technology is adopted to realize multi-image startup, and the online reconstruction function is realized by directly updating M image. This method does not need external control chip, and the circuit is simple and the design is convenient, which is suitable for single-chip control situations.Using the BootROM and FSBL functions, ZYNQ chip is designed for online reconfiguration with multiple images in the configured memory, suitable for high performance applications.The three methods guarantee the reliable startup of FPGA and the online update function, which can ensure that the old version can still run or be reconfigured in case of update failure, thus enhancing the security and reliability of the system.