基于虚拟仪器的多通道声发射检测系统设计与开发

Design and Development of Multi-channel Acoustic Emission Detection System based on Virtual Instrument

摘要:

针对目前商用声发射检测系统的不足，基于虚拟仪器技术设计并开发了一套多通道声发射检测系统。该系统采用通用高速同步数据采集卡实现对四通道声发射信号的采集，单通道采集频率可调且可达125MHz，采样长度可调。以LabVIEW为平台开发配套的软件，实现对数据采集过程的控制、采集数据的预处理、波形显示和数据保存等功能。利用该系统开展了一维直线和二维平面断铅实验，通过对实验数据进行处理实现了对断铅位置的定位，并从多角度分析了定位误差的来源，依据行业标准对系统的性能实施了定性与定量评价。断铅实验结果表明声发射源定位误差低于传感器阵列中最大传感器间距的5%，验证了所开发系统的可用性，其硬件条件、软件功能以及定位精确度满足行业标准。所提出的声发射检测系统设计方案、实验方法以及数据处理方法将为工业现场声发射检测系统的研发提供有益的借鉴。

Abstract:

To overcome the shortage of commercial acoustic emission detection systems, a multi-channel acoustic emission detection system was designed and developed based on virtual instrument technology. A universal high-speed synchronous data acquisition card was adopted for sampling four channels of acoustic emission signals. The data acquisition frequency of each channel can be configured as high as 125MHz and the sampling length can be adjusted flexibly. LabVIEW was used as the platform for developing the software to realize the control of data acquisition process, preprocessing of acquisition data, waveform display and data storage functions. Both one-dimensional and two-dimensional lead breaking experiments were carried out with the developed detection system. The lead breaking positions were located by processing the experimental data and the sources of positioning error were analyzed from multiple perspectives. Finally, the performance of the system was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively according to industry standards. The experimental results have demonstrated that the location error of AE source is less than 5% of the maximum sensor spacing in the sensor array, verified the availability of the developed system, and shown that the hardware conditions, software functions and positioning accuracy meet the industry standards. The design scheme, experimental method and data processing method of the acoustic emission detection system will provide useful reference for the research and development of industrial field acoustic emission detection systems.