基于改进蚁群算法的无线传感网络路由算法研究

Research on routing algorithm of wireless sensor network based on improved ant colony algorithm

摘要:

针对无线传感网络能量消耗不均及节点过早死亡等问题，提出一种新的基于改进蚁群算法的路由算法。在网络结构方面，加入网络分隔带和搜索角，并结合节点剩余能量，共同限制下一跳节点的转移概率；同时改进启发函数，加入能量影响因子，增强算法寻优，避免陷入局部最优；在信息素更新方面，引入阈值机制并设立最优路径权重值来寻找最优路径。仿真结果表明，改进后的算法能够进一步降低网络能耗，延长网络生命周期。

Abstract:

In order to solve the uneven energy consumption and the premature death of the nodes for the wireless sensor network, a new routing algorithm based on the improve ant colony optimization is proposed. The network structure is added to the network separation band and the search angle, and combined with the remaining energy of the nodes, to jointly limit the transition probability of the next node; at the same time, the heuristic function is improved, the energy influence factor is added, the algorithm optimization is enhanced, and the local optimum is avoided; in the aspect of pheromone update, the threshold mechanism is introduced, and the optimal path weight value is set to find an optimal path. According to the simulation results, the improved algorithm can further reduce network energy consumption and prolong network life cycle.