低轨卫星空间操控中的一种载荷休眠方法

Space Operation for LEO Satellite Payload Hibernation

摘要:

针对某低轨卫星应用中应答机老化下的载荷延寿问题,在关联应答机AGC、载波锁定、温度等遥测参数基础上,详细讨论空间环境效应下的应答机温度变化规律及其对载波锁定的影响,提出一种应答机高温时期的应急操控方法,即通过发送单指令对电源下位机进行复位,使其进入最小模式工作,从而使载荷进入休眠状态,同时实现星内器件快速降温,可拓宽上行遥控信道的时间窗口,便于卫星操控。在轨检验结果表明,电源下位机复位后,应答机可在24h内降温超过5.3°C；72h后,应答机温度可稳定在21.0°C以下；电源最小模式下的载波锁定时长优于400s,满足操控需求。在冬季应答机最低温度超过26.2°C时,可利用应急操控启动载荷进入冬眠模式,在度过高温期后再恢复载荷工作,实现卫星在轨延寿。

Abstract:

With respect to payload life extension to LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellite, transponder ageing is a key point. Based on the correlation to the transponder telemetry parameters containing AGC (Auto Gain Control), carrier locking and temperature, details on thermally sensitized transponder characteristics are discussed accompanied by space environment effects on carrier locking. An emergent operation is presented to rapidly lower the satellite device temperature and to hibernate the payloads by resetting the power computer to run into the minimum mode in which the uplink telecommand window is broadened to easily recover the satellite status from the anomaly and load business data. The on-orbit validated results have shown that after the power computer reset, the temperature drop is more than 5.3°C in 24 hours and the temperature is stabilized below 21.0°C in 72 hours, and the carrier locking time is beyond 400s to satisfy the operation demands for the degraded application of transponder. For the purpose of life extension to the satellite on-orbit, the minimum mode is candidate for winter operation to hibernate the payloads and keep the uplink when the temperature is above 26.2°C, and the power computer can come back into the normal mode to run the payloads when that is below 26.2°C.