太阳能自动跟踪系统研究

Research on Solar Energy Automatic Tracking System

摘要:

太阳能发电具有干净、不会威胁人类和破坏环境的优点，提高太阳能板发电效率成为当今研究的热点；以单片机为控制核心，读取GPS的经纬度和当地时间等信息，根据视日运动轨迹模型精确解算太阳方位角和高度角，发送相应脉冲驱动步进电机，经过减速器减速实现对太阳能板的姿态调整，从而实现对太阳光的精确跟踪；安装于太阳能板上的姿态传感器可以将姿态信息反馈给控制器从而实现闭环控制，进一步提高了系统的精度，安装的风速传感器使太阳能跟踪器具有抗风性能；实验表明，太阳跟踪器可有效跟踪太阳角，跟踪精度可达到2°左右，大大提高了太阳能板的发电效率，具有很好的应用前景。

Abstract:

Solar energy has the advantages of being clean, not threatening human beings and destroying the environment. Improving the efficiency of solar panel power generation has become a hot spot in today's research. With the single-chip microcomputer as the control core, reading the latitude and longitude of GPS and local time, etc., according to the visual trajectory model Calculate the azimuth and elevation angle of the sun, send the corresponding pulse to drive the stepping motor, regulate the attitude of the solar panel through the reducer, so as to achieve accurate tracking of the sunlight. The attitude sensor installed on the solar panel feeds back the attitude information to the controller thus realizes closed-loop control, improve the accuracy of the system.The installed wind speed sensor makes the solar tracker have wind resistance performance. Experiments show that the sun tracker can effectively track the sun angle, and the tracking accuracy is about 2°, and greatly improves the power generation efficiency of the solar panel, and the device has a good application prospects.