卫星导航定位误差仿真分析

Simulation and Analysis of Navigation Satellite Positioning Error

摘要:

卫星导航定位系统被广泛应用于军事、工业和民用等各领域。计算机仿真方法是研究导航系统性能的一种重要手段。文章从卫星导航测量原理出发，介绍了使用最小二乘估计方法来进行单点定位的卫星导航的仿真定位方法。完成了汽车、飞机、轮船三种载体的运动轨迹的建模，并针对载体的位移、速度的定位误差进行仿真分析。为探索位移误差变化规律，并验证定位误差仿真模型有效性，对卫星屏蔽角、电离层误差、对流层误差多径效应等因素变化进行仿真。并对汽车、飞机和轮船三种载体在运动状态下，可观测到的卫星数量、电离层和对流层延迟以及多径效应引起的误差对卫星导航精度存在影响，进行了仿真对比。结果表明，可观测到的卫星数量、电离层和对流层延迟以及多径效应对卫星导航精度影响较大，载体运动对卫星导航精度影响较小。

Abstract:

GNSS integrated navigation has been widely used in many fields, such as military, industry and civil. Computer simulation is an important technique for investigating the performance of GNSS integrated navigation. The measure principle of navigation satellite is bought forward. The method of navigation satellite positioning is produced. The track models of car, plane and steamship are established. Position and velocity error of carrier is simulated and analyzed. In order to explore the variation law of displacement error and verify the validity of the simulation model of positioning error, the changes of satellite shielding angle, ionospheric error and troposphere error multipath effect are simulated. The results indicate that the observational satellite numbers, ionosphere, tropospheric delay and multipath effect affect obviously navigation satellite precision, movement of carrier affect weakly navigation satellite precision.