考虑强度和疲劳寿命影响的层合复合材料结构优化分析

Optimization analysis of composite materials with effect of strength and fatigue life

摘要:

工程应用中对复合材料轻量化的要求在不断提高,为了能够在满足工程应用对材料强度和疲劳寿命要求的同时,达到减轻结构质量的目的,研究了强度和疲劳寿命影响下的复合材料层合结构优化方法,并在此基础上提出了一种基于参数化有限元技术和改进遗传算法的复合材料层合结构优化方法。根据复合材料层合结构铺层参数属于离散型变量的特点,将遗传算法编码改为联合整数编码,并且为了能快速准确求出最优解,提出了精英保留策略、交叉和变异自适应度策略。最后,基于Visual Studio和ANSYS进行联合仿真,对所提出的方法进行验证,仿真结果表明,优化后的复合材料层合结构不仅能够满足强度和疲劳寿命的约束条件,并且其质量减少到初始质量的56.2%,优化效果明显,这表明所提出的基于参数化有限元技术和改进遗传算法的复合材料层合结构优化方法是可行的。

Abstract:

The requirement of lightweight composite materials has been continuously improved in engineering application, in order to meet required by material strength and the fatigue life of the engineering application and achieve the purpose of structure mass reduction, the optimization method of composite laminated structure under the influence of strength and fatigue life is studied, and the optimization method of composite laminated structure based on parametric finite element technique and genetic algorithm is proposed. According to the characteristics of the composite laminated structure layer parameters belong to discrete variable, the genetic algorithm is transformed into a combined integer coding. In order to get the optimal solution quickly and accurately, elitism preserving strategy, crossover and mutation adaptive degree strategy are put forward. Finally, to verify the proposed method, the co-simulation based on the Visual Studio and ANSYS has been carried out, the simulation results show that the composite layer of the optimized structure can not only meet the constraints of strength and fatigue life, and the quality is reduced to 56.2% of initial mass, the optimization effect is obvious, which indicates that the optimization method of composite laminated structure based on parametric finite element technique and genetic algorithm is feasible.