一种软件工程管理模型研究

A Research of Software Engineering Management Model

摘要:

软件作为一种逻辑实体,具有难以度量、易出错、必须维护和成本昂贵等显著的特点；在规定的时间和预算内开发出符合质量要求的软件是一件非常困难的事情；经过国内外40多年来的研究与分析,发现产生这一问题的关键原因在于对软件过程的管理不尽如人意；为了提高软件工程管理的水平,国内外工程界尝试过很多的方法和手段,比如:制定并实施软件工程标准和规范、使用工具提高软件生产率和质量、通过软件评测促进工程化水平等；虽然GJB 5000A标准从理论上和体系上对软件工程管理提供了一定的参考,但在实际工程中仍缺乏一套完整、易于实施、体现技术管理特点的软件工程管理模型作为一个项目管理的指导；因此,为了应对上述问题,解决工程实际中的困难,文中面向软件工程项目管理的需要,提出一种的分层次、全周期、多角度的软件工程管理模型,并通过一个项目实例进行分析和验证；最后,文中将对软件工程管理研究的发展趋势进行展望。

Abstract:

As a logical object, software has some obvious characteristics. For instance, software is difficult to measure, and it is easy to make mistake. It needs maintenance and costs a lot of money. It is difficult to develop a software product with quality requirements in limited time and cost. According to four decades research in the world, the essential cause of this problem is unsatisfactory management of software processes. In order to heighten the level of software engineering management, there are a lot of methods in engineering, such as implementing software engineering standards and criteria, using tools to assure productivity and quality, utilize test to promote software engineering, and so on. Although GJB 5000A provides several references theoretically and systematically in software engineering management, it is still lack of complete, achievable and technological management models to guide project management in software engineering. Therefore, in order to solve problems above and difficulties in engineering, and satisfy the requirements of projects managements, this paper provides a software engineering management model with differentiating levels, covering whole life-cycle, and considering multi-angle. Besides, this paper also shows a case study in analyzing and verifying. At last, the future research of software engineering management will be discussed in this paper.