不同情绪影响下的人类认知行为建模与仿真

Model and Simulation of Addition under Different Emotional Stimuli

摘要:

针对不同情绪刺激下加法计算的认知加工过程差异问题,提出了不同情绪刺激下加法计算的认知假设模型,验证了不同情绪刺激对加法计算的影响机制。以正性、中性、负性情绪图片刺激下没有进位的二位数加法计算为实验范式,依据被试事前事后问卷调查及行为实验结果,采用行为实验与ACT-R认知仿真实验相结合的方法进行研究。通过行为实验测试了24名被试在不同情绪刺激下加法计算的行为实验结果；认知仿真实验以不同情绪刺激下加法计算的行为结果及相关研究结果为假设,提出了不同情绪下加法计算认知过程的假设模型。结果显示正性情绪刺激下加法计算的模拟反应时间2040ms与真实反应时间2077ms 107,偏差37ms；中性情绪刺激下加法计算的模拟反应时间2106ms与真实反应时间2090ms 98,偏差16ms；负性情绪刺激下加法计算的模拟反应时间2264ms与真实反应时间2218ms 52,偏差46ms。结果表明,正性情绪刺激对认知计算具有促进作用,负性情绪刺激对加法计算具有抑制作用。认知模型的模拟反应时间与真实反应时间非常接近,假设模型的合理性在反应时数据上得到有效验证；同时模型输出的认知信息加工过程序列模块的协同工作机制与分析过程一致,从而使得模型在逻辑合理性得到了有效解释。

Abstract:

In order to find out the mechanism of the calculation under emotional influence, we proposed a cognitive mechanism of simple calculation under different emotional stimuli. By using a paradigm of simple calculation influenced by affective images with positive, neutral, and negative valences, respectively, a contrast between the behavioral experiment and ACT - R cognitive simulation experiment was performed. Twenty-four subjects’ results of simple addition were tested under the different emotional stimuli during the behavioral experiment. Based on the behavioral result, we simulated the cognitive processes of simple calculation under the different emotional influences. As a result, the simulated response time was 2040ms during the positive condition, compared with the actual response time of 2077ms (deviation = 107ms); the simulated response time was 2106ms during the neutral condition, compared with the actual response time of 2090ms (deviation = 98ms); the simulated response time was 2264ms during the negative condition, compared with the actual response time of 2218ms (deviation = 52ms). Our findings indicate that the positive emotional stimuli impose a promoting effect on mental addition, while negative emotional stimuli exert inhibitory effect on mental addition. The simulated response time within our cognitive model is quite close to the actual results, verifying the validity of our hypothesis; the output of information module sequence mutual coordinated process fitted the analysis process, suggesting the logic rationality of our model.