基于改进蚁群算法的LEACH协议研究

Research on LEACH Protocol based improved Ant Colony Algorithm

摘要:

针对LEACH协议在数据传输阶段,簇首与汇聚节点之间采用单跳模式传输数据使得能量消耗快并且不均衡的问题,提出一种基于改进蚁群算法的新型路由协议。该协议利用了能耗因子对蚁群转移概率以及信息素更新进行改进,充分考虑了节点的剩余能量和节点间距离,通过信息素的建立和更新,寻找簇首节点和基站之间的最优传输路径,进行多跳传输模式,从而均衡簇首节点能量消耗。仿真实验结果表明,改进后的ACO-BEC协议较之于LEACH协议,能够有效降低了整个网络能量消耗,延长了网络寿命。

关键词:无线传感器网络;LEACH协议;蚁群算法;信息素;能量均衡

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of excessive energy consumption for transmitting to sink node directly from cluster heads in LEACH routing protocol, a routing protocol based improved ant colony algorithm was proposed. This protocol introduced leadSthe energy consumption factor to improve the ant transition probability and the pheromone updating rule. And It would take full account of the residual energy of nodes and the distance between the nodes, through the establishment and update of pheromone, make sure to find the optimal path between cluster heads and base station, and use multi-hop transmission to balance the energy consumption of cluster nodes. Simulation results show that this improved routing protocol better than LEACH protocol on the cluster-head nodes selection, and it can extend the survival time of the network, and makes the energy consumption more balanced.

Key words:wireless sensor networks; LEACH protocol; ant colony algorithm; pheromone; energy balance