欧洲过渡性试验飞行器(IXV)电气总体架构设计

The Avionics Architecture Analysis of the European Intermediate eXperimental Vehicle (IXV)

摘要:

为飞行器设计一个合适可靠的电气系统是飞行器总体设计中的一项重要工作。IXV是一款欧洲重复使用运载器技术验证平台，并在2015年2月11日成功进行了飞行演示验证。在电气设计上，为降低成本并满足研制进度要求，IXV最大限度使用货架产品和经过飞行试验验证的产品进行系统设计，减少研发工作量。针对项目任务特点，甚少采用冗余特别是设备级冗余进行系统设计，只是在关键的供电电源和器上数据存储设备上进行了冗余设计；打破传统系统划分，设计统一的数据处理系统，集导航、控制、数据采集和处理为一体。整个电气系统以1553B总线、串口及以太网为基础进行接口设计，用以支持整个系统的数据交互并简化器地接口。IXV通过飞行试验验证了这些设计思路和方法的正确性与合理性。

Abstract:

Designing correct and reliable avionics architecture of a spacecraft is a complex endeavor. This paper describes the electric scheme and method of the Intermediate eXperimental Vehicle (IXV), including the electric system architecture and the avionics configuration. The IXV is the European Space Agency (ESA) technology platform conceived as the step forward from the successful Atmospheric Re-entry demonstrator (ARD) to demonstrate re-entry capabilities, which was successfully launched and flight on February 11th 2015. In order to reduce the development cost and ensure the schedule, the Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) equipments and the confirmed equipments by flight were selected as best as possible in the avionics design. And the redundant design was very little except the critical equipments such as batteries and storage recorders. The engineer break up the tradition mode and design a novel data handling subsystem (DHS), the subsystem has been designed to integrate some functions such as the navigation, control, data acquisition and handle and so on. The avionics is designed around a 1553 MIL Bus and a series of serial and Ethernet interfaces. These interfaces were selected with the purpose of sustaining the amount of data exchanged throughout the system and predigesting the Electrical Ground Support Equipment (EGSE) interface. The validity and rationality of the IXV’s electric system were validated by the maiden flight.