基于FPGA的多通道超声波测距系统设计

Design of Multi-channel Ultrasonic Ranging System Based on FPGA

摘要:

超声波测距是一种非接触式连续测量方法,具有电路简单、测量精度高等优点；传统的测距系统多采用单片机实现,无法满足现代测距实时性、立体化、多向性的要求；因此设计了一种基于FPGA的多通道超声波测距系统,所有通道同时进行检测与处理,系统具有较高的扩展性；硬件部分采用US_100超声波传感器实现了超声信号的发射与接收,采用京微雅格C192芯片对回波信号进行检测和处理,实现了从2厘米到4米的距离的精确测量,测量结果送入LCD12864进行显示；软件设计采用Verilog HDL语言在Primace编辑环境下进行开发,在Modelsim软件下进行仿真,并通过HR3开发板验证了全部设计功能；测试结果表明:该测距系统运行稳定可靠,测量精度高。

Abstract:

Ultrasonic ranging is a non-contact and continuous measurement which is simple in circuitry and high in accuracy. The single-channel ranging system can't meet the requirements such as real-time, three-dimensional and diversity. This paper designs a multi-channel ultrasonic ranging system based on FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) which is produced by Capital Microelectronics and tests and processes the echo signal come from US_100.The system can realize distance measurement from 2 centimeter to 4.5 meters. And the results can be displayed on LCD (Liquid crystal display). All software modules are designed by using Verilog HDL in Primace editing environment, and verified on the Modelsim and HR3 FPGA platform. The test results show that this system is stable and highly accurate. 