超声波测距误差分析及校正研究

Error Analysis and Correction of Ultrasonic Ranging

摘要:

提高超声波测距性能是超声波测距技术研究的关键点；不同的超声波接收信号检测和处理技术会涉及到不同的硬件结构、软件实现复杂度,导致超声波测距性能差异,进而影响整个系统的定位性能;为提高定位系统的定位精度,针对特定的六元超声波阵列测距系统进行超声波阵列测距实验,对可能造成测距误差的误差源进行分析,并分别采用温度补偿法和最小二乘回归法对测量数据进行校正；实验结果表明,设计的网络节点测量距离能够达到15 m,且最小二乘校正模型的测量结果有效地减小了测距误差,提高了测距精度。

Abstract:

Improving the performance of the ultrasonic ranging is the key problem in the ultrasonic position technology. Different hardware and software will lead to different ultrasonic ranging accuracy. The paper aims to a specific hardware system called Hexagon Ultrasonic Array to design the ranging experiments. First analyze the property error source which will affect the ranging accuracy, such as the synchronous time error, the ultrasonic detection error, the sensor hardware design error and the environment effect. Then adopt the temperature compensation method and the least square regression method to revise the measured data. Finally the experiments show that the maximum ranging distance reaches 15 m, and the least square regression method can effectively reduce the ranging error.