GNSS测姿系统天线设置及精度分析

Antenna Configuration and Accuracy Analysis of GNSS Attitude Determination System

摘要:

GNSS测姿系统的天线设置是影响测姿精度的重要因素之一;针对GNSS天线设置对测姿精度的影响问题,在分析GNSS测姿算法的基础上,对天线设置的3个决定因素,即天线数量、基线夹角和基线长度与姿态角误差的关系进行了理论推导,仿真分析了三者对测姿误差的影响程度;理论推导结果表明,对航向角、俯仰角和横滚角的测量至少需要三个固定天线,天线构成的固定基线相互垂直时姿态角的误差较小,姿态角的误差与基线长度的平方成反比;仿真结果验证了上述结论并进一步表明,两基线长度分别为1 m、2 m、3 m时,航向角和俯仰角的误差分别在2°、1°、0.5°以内,横滚角的误差分别在3°、2°、1°以内。

Abstract:

Antenna configuration is one of the important factors that affect the attitude accuracy in GNSS attitude determination system.Antenna configuration of GNSS attitude determination system can influence the accuracy of that.To study the influence,the algorithm of GNSS attitude determination is analysed.Based on the analysis,the relationship between antenna number,baseline angle,baseline length which determine the antenna configuration and attitude angle error is deduced in theory.A simulation is made to analyse the influence degree of antenna number,baseline angle and baseline length to the attitude angle error. Theoretical derivation shows that attitude determination need at least three stationary antennas, attitude angle error is smallest when two baselines are perpendicular, attitude angle error is inversely proportional to the square of the baseline length.Simulation confirms conclusions above and shows more that ,when baseline length is 1 m, 2 m and 3 m respectively,the error of heading and roll angles is under 2,1 and 0.5 degree,the error of pitch angle is under 3,2 and 1degree.