基于蚁群算法的车身振动主动控制研究

Research on Vibration Control of Car-body Based on Ant Colony Algorithm Self-adaptive PID Controller

摘要:

针对乘用车车身结构振动抑制问题,采用基于蚁群算法的参数自适应PID控制器,以压电元件为测量和控制元件,进行了振动主动控制仿真和实验研究;首先对白车身结构进行实验模态分析,确定了压电元件的布片位置并确定压电控制的传递关系,然后设计基于蚁群算法的PID参数自适应控制器,制定了控制方案,进行了模拟仿真分析,最后搭建试验平台,以某国产乘用车白车身为被控结构,进行了车身振动主动控制实验;系统仿真和实验结果表明,施加控制时车身的振动幅值较未施加控制时大幅减小,在振动幅值较大的低频区域,其振动幅值明显降低;从而验证了应用基于蚁群算法的参数自适应PID控制技术,不仅可以有效降低车身的振动幅度,而且对传统控制方法控制效果不佳的振动低频区域,控制效果明显。

Abstract:

Simulation and experiment research on active vibration control of white car-body were performed for the question of car-body vibration. Experimental model of white car-body is analyzed in the first place to determine the piezoelectric elements’ position and the transitive relation of the structure. And then designed the PID parameters adaptive controller based on ant colony algorithm and developed a control scheme to make the simulation analysis. At last, the car-body vibration active control experiment was carried out with the piezoelectric element as the measurements and control components. The results of simulation and experiment show that the vibration active control of car-body is feasible to apply parameter adaptive PID controller based on ant colony algorithm.